1.Which of the following is most nearly the average acceleration of the object?.
(A) 1.5m/s2
(B) 3m/s2
(C) 9m/s2
(D) 24m/s2
A B C D
2.A person driving a car suddenly applies the brakes. The car takes 4 s to come to rest while traveling 20 m at constant acceleration. Can the speed of the car immediately before the brakes were applied be determined without first determining the car’s acceleration?
(A) Yes, by dividing the distance (20 m) by the time (4 s).
(B) Yes, by determining the average speed while braking and doubling it.
(C) No, because the acceleration is needed to use standard equations such as Δx = vot + 1/2 at2.
(D) No, because the fundamental relationship that defines velocity contains acceleration.
3.A block is released from rest and slides down a ramp. The surface of the ramp has three rough sections where the friction between the surface and the block is not negligible, as shown by the shaded regions above. Measuring which of the following will allow for the best estimate of the block’s instantaneous acceleration when the block is at the midpoint of the ramp?
(A) The total distance traveled by the block and the total elapsed time
(B) The final speed of the block and the total elapsed time
(C) The distance between points just before and just after the midpoint and the time it takes the block to travel between them
(D) The speed of the block at points just before and just after the midpoint and the time it takes the block to travel between them
4.For which of the following motions of an object must the acceleration always be zero?
(I) Any motion in a straight line
(II) Simple harmonic motion
(III) Any motion in a circle
(A) I only (B) II Only (C) III only (D) Either I or III, but not II (D) None of these motions guarantees zero acceleration.
5.A student is riding on a bus that is traveling east at a constant speed. The student walks toward the front of the bus. A stationary observer outside the bus standing on the road claims that the student is moving faster than the bus. Is the claim correct? Why or why not?
(A) No, because the student is included in the same frame of reference as the bus so the student and bus must be traveling at the same speed.
(B) No, because the student, bus, and observer are all included in Earth’s reference frame so the student and bus must be traveling at the same speed.
(C) Yes, because according to the stationary observer, the student’s velocity is the velocity of the bus plus the velocity of the student relative to the bus.
(D) Yes, because according to the stationary observer, the student’s velocity is the difference between the velocity of the bus and the velocity of the student relative to the bus.
6.A rowboat moving in a lake is accelerating at a constant rate towards the shore. An observer in another boat moving at a constant velocity measures the row boat’s acceleration. A second observer, standing still on the shore, also measures the acceleration of the rowboat. Are the two accelerations measured by the two observers the same? Why or why not?
(A) No, because the observer on the other boat is in a non-inertial reference frame
(B) No, because the observers have different velocities relative to the rowboat.
(C) Yes, because both observers are in inertial reference frames.
(D) Yes, because both observers are external to the rowboat’s frame of reference and will therefore measure zero acceleration.
7. Students A and B are standing inside a train that is accelerating to the right with a magnitude of 2m/s2 . Student A throws a ball to the left toward Student B with a horizontal velocity of magnitude 4m/s relative to the train. At the instant the ball leaves Student A ’s hand, the speed of the train relative to the ground is 10m/s to the right. The ball takes 0.5 second to reach Student B. Immediately before the ball reaches Student B , the horizontal speed of the ball relative to the ground is
(A) 7m/s
(B) 6m/s
(C) 5m/s
(D) 3m/s
8. A train is moving to the east at relative to the ground. A passenger at the back of the train throws a ball to the west with an initial speed of relative to the train. What is the initial velocity of the ball relative to the ground?
(A) 10m/s to the east
(B) 10m/s to the west
(C) 40m/s to the east
(D) 40m/s to the west
9.A A student rolls a ball along the floor so that the ball has a speed of 16m/s . What is the speed of the ball relative to a second student who is running at 6m/s in the same direction that the ball is rolling?
(A) 6m/s
(B) 10m/s
(C) 16m/s
(D) 22m/s
10.A ball is launched from the ground with an initial velocity of at an angle of above the horizontal. What is the approximate maximum height above the ground reached by the ball?
(A) 0.69m
(B) 0.80m
(C) 2.4m
(D) 3.2m
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